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The cerebral energy metabolism has traditionally focused on the complete oxidation of glucose to carbon dioxide, recognized mainly as a process involving glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. However, this paradigm has recently been challenged by studies examining the complex interactions between different brain cells, particularly neurons and glial cells. A significant shift in understanding occurred in 1994 when Pellerin and Magistretti introduced the innovative concept of the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS). This scientific advancement revealed that astrocytes, once thought to be merely supportive of neurons, play a vital role in glucose metabolism. According to the ANLS model, astrocytes take up glucose via specific transporters, metabolize it into lactate through glycolysis, and release lactate for neurons to utilize as an energy substrate during oxidative phosphorylation. Recent research has deepened our understanding of the ANLS's role in neuronal activity, challenging the classical notion of exclusive glucose consumption by neurons. This evolution of knowledge has sparked growing interest, as evidenced by contemporary scientific discussions within the neuroenergetics community. As this field continues to grow, it is increasingly evident that collaboration and collective expertise are essential to advancing these developments, as a more profound understanding of cerebral energy metabolism carries substantial implications for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of brain diseases. The proposed two-day conference offers a unique opportunity to convene leading specialists from around the world, fostering a productive exchange of critical ideas and expertise in this promising field. This congress aims to address the pressing need to advance research in cerebral energy metabolism and to drive therapeutic innovation.